The Alabama National Guard is a prime example of the shortage of military Chaplains (though the Air Force is currently reducing its Chaplaincy ranks).  With 5 Chaplains deployed, the 11,000 member state guard has 12 available Chaplains, or 1 Chaplain for every 900 troops.  It has no Roman Catholic priests or Jewish Rabbis.  A local newspaper article has a good discussion on how Chaplains can deal with the shortage of faith-specific leaders, and it demonstrates the pluralistic support of the military: 

Military chaplains can min­ister to troops of other faiths but cannot conduct the religious rites of another religion or do something that violates their own faith.

[2Lt James] Chitwood is a Southern Bap­tist, but he can suggest that a Jewish soldier pray about an is­sue because prayer is a tenet of both religions, he said.  Soldiers are more open about their religion, he said. “To them, a chaplain is a chaplain,” Chitwood said.

At the chaplain school, they learned about serving in a plu­ralistic setting and understand­ing other faiths.  “We can minister to one an­other along common grounds and go from there,” he said.